Overall, convergent lines of evidence point to the potential of lithium as an agent with disease

modifying properties in Alzheimer’s disease. However, additional long-term studies are necessary to confirm its efficacy and safety for these patients, particularly as chronic intake is necessary to achieve the best therapeutic results.”
“Purpose: The aim of the study reported here was to examine the safety and effectiveness of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in elderly patients with depression.

Patients and methods: Sixty-five depressed elderly patients received rTMS over their left prefrontal cortex for 6 days per week, from Monday to Saturday, for 3 weeks. The rTMS intensity was set at 100% of the motor threshold and 25 Hz stimulation with a duration of 2 seconds and was delivered 20 times at 30-second intervals. A

full Daporinad cost course comprised an average of 1000 magnetic pulses. Depression was rated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) before and after treatment. Response was defined as a 50% reduction in HAMD score. Patients with HAMD scores < 8 were HIF inhibitor considered to be in remission.

Results: The mean HAMD score for the study group decreased from 21.94 +/- 5.12 before treatment to 11.28 +/- 4.56 after rTMS (P < 0.001). Following the treatment period, 58.46% of the study group demonstrated significant mood improvement, as indexed by a reduction of more than 50% on the HAMD score. Nineteen of these 38 patients attained remission (HAMD score < 8), while 41.54% of all study patients achieved a partial response. None of the patients had a worsened HAMD score at the end of the treatment. Treatment was generally well tolerated and no serious C59 Wnt concentration adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion: In this study, rTMS was found to be a safe, well-tolerated treatment, and a useful adjunctive treatment to medications in elderly treatment-resistant

depressed patients. This study contributes to the existing evidence on the antidepressant effect of rTMS in the treatment of depression in patients over 60 years of age.”
“The main aim of this article is to provide clinicians with the basic knowledge needed to interpret data on genetic disorders that may be relevant to clinical decision-making. The human genome is likened to an encyclopedia, “”The encyclopedia of life”", which is used to explain how genetic information is transmitted and to describe the causes and consequences of mutations, along with the main rules used for naming them. There follows a discussion of which mutations can contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease and how they do so. Finally, there is a description of how genetics has contributed to improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia, one of the conditions in which lipid-lowering therapy is efficacious and cost-effective.