Results: Each animal in the 12- and 24-week groups developed a constant, alternating esotropic strabismus and a nasotemporal asymmetry of pursuit when viewing with either eye. Spatial vision MM-102 was normal (no amblyopia). The 3-week duration monkeys were indistinguishable from control animals; they had normal eye alignment and symmetric pursuit. In the 12-

and 24-week monkeys, the longer the duration of binocular decorrelation, the greater the pursuit asymmetry: for 15 degrees/s target motion, the NBI in the 12-week and 24-week animals was 16x and 22x greater respectively, than that in the 3-week animals (ANOVA, P=0.03).

Conclusions: Binocular decorrelation in primates during an early period of fusion development causes permanent smooth pursuit asymmetries when the duration exceeds the equivalent of 3 months in human. These findings support the conclusion that early correction of infantile strabismus promotes normal development of cerebral gaze pathways. (C) 2008 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“A new adeno-associated

virus (AAV), referred to as AAV(VR-942), selleck products has been isolated as a contaminant of adenovirus strain simian virus 17. The sequence of the rep gene places it in the AAV serotype 2 (AAV2) complementation group, while the capsid is only 88% identical to that of AAV2. High-level AAV(VR-942) transduction activity requires cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans, although AAV(VR-942) lacks residues equivalent to the AAV2 R585 and R588 amino acid residues essential for mediating the interaction of AAV2 with the heparan sulfate proteoglycan receptor. Instead, AAV(VR-942) uses a distinct transduction region. This finding shows that distinct domains on different AAV isolates can be responsible for the same activities.”
“Background

CC chemokine receptor 5 antagonists are a new class of antiretroviral agents.

Methods We conducted two double- blind, placebo- controlled, phase 3 studies – Maraviroc versus Optimized Therapy Amobarbital in Viremic Antiretroviral Treatment- Experienced Patients ( MOTIVATE) 1 and MOTIVATE 2 – with patients who had R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV- 1) only. They had been treated with or had resistance to three antiretroviral- drug classes and had HIV- 1 RNA levels of more than 5000 copies per milliliter. The patients were randomly assigned to one of three antiretroviral regimens consisting of maraviroc once daily, maraviroc twice daily, or placebo, each of which included optimized background therapy ( OBT) based on treatment history and drug- resistance testing. Safety and efficacy were assessed after 48 weeks.

Results A total of 1049 patients received the randomly assigned study drug; the mean baseline HIV- 1 RNA level was 72,400 copies per milliliter, and the median CD4 cell count was 169 per cubic millimeter.