PubMedCrossRef 33. Webber MA, Randall LP, Cooles S, Woodward MJ, Piddock LJV: Triclosan resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008,62(1):83–91.PubMedCrossRef 34. Pope CF, Gillespie SH, Moore JE, McHugh TD: Approaches to measure the fitness of Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates. J Med Microbiol 2010,59(Pt 6):679–686.PubMedCrossRef Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions JLC and HTHS carried out the experiments and analysed the data. Tofacitinib All authors contributed to writing of the manuscript. Experimental

strategy was carried out by MAW and LJVP who also supervised the project. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background Malaria continues to be a devastating disease, particularly in the tropics, with an estimated annual incidence worldwide Selleckchem PU-H71 of 90 million clinical cases. The annual mortality from malaria, which is caused largely by the protozoan Plasmodium falciparum, is estimated to be 627,000 worldwide [1]. A better understanding of antimalarial treatments and the

biology of the parasite is therefore needed, to allow the development of new medications to combat resistance to conventional antimalarial drugs [2]. The P. falciparum parasite develops through three distinct stages within red blood cells (RBCs) during its cycle of approximately 48 h: the ring, trophozoite, Methamphetamine and schizont stages [3]. However, the mechanisms responsible for the developmental succession are poorly understood. A complete understanding of the functional molecules involved in developmental succession/arrest may provide clues for future efforts in drug and vaccine development aimed at eradicating malaria. In order to identify the factors that

control Rigosertib intraerythrocytic development of P. falciparum, we have previously investigated growth-promoting substances in order to formulate a chemically defined culture medium (CDM) suitable for sustaining the complete development and intraerythrocytic growth of P. falciparum [4, 5]. Further, we have compared genome-wide transcriptome responses among different developmental stages of P. falciparum cultured in various CDMs with different growth-promoting effects, and selected 26 transcripts that were expected to be associated with the suppression of schizogony. Of these, five transcripts were considered to be particularly closely associated with the blockage of trophozoite progression from the ring stage, because of profound differences in transcript levels between the ring and trophozoite stages. One is a putative copper channel (a putative Ctr copper transporter domain containing protein, PF3D7_1421900 at PlasmoDB [6]; XP_001348385 at the National Center for Biotechnology Information, NCBI). In addition, selective removal of Cu ions has been shown to inhibit completely the successive ring–trophozoite–schizont progression of P. falciparum [7].